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naphtha 音标拼音: [n'æfθə] n. 挥发油 挥发油 naphtha n 1: any of various volatile flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixtures; used chiefly as solventsNaphtha \ Naph" tha\ ( n[ a^] f" th[. a] or n[ a^] p" th[. a]), n. [ L. naphtha, Gr. na` fqa, fr. Ar. nafth, nifth.] 1. ( Chem.) The complex mixture of volatile, liquid, inflammable hydrocarbons, occurring naturally, and usually called { crude petroleum}, { mineral oil}, or { rock oil}. Specifically: That portion of the distillate obtained in the refinement of petroleum which is intermediate between the lighter gasoline and the heavier benzine, and has a specific gravity of about 0. 7, -- used as a solvent for varnishes, as a carburetant, illuminant, etc. [ 1913 Webster] 2. ( Chem.) One of several volatile inflammable liquids obtained by the distillation of certain carbonaceous materials and resembling the naphtha from petroleum; as, Boghead naphtha, from Boghead coal ( obtained at Boghead, Scotland); crude naphtha, or light oil, from coal tar; wood naphtha, from wood, etc. [ 1913 Webster] Note: This term was applied by the earlier chemical writers to a number of volatile, strong smelling, inflammable liquids, chiefly belonging to the ethers, as the sulphate, nitrate, or acetate of ethyl. -- Watts. [ 1913 Webster] { Naphtha vitrioli} [ NL., naphtha of vitriol] ( Old Chem.), common ethyl ether; -- formerly called { sulphuric ether}. See { Ether}. [ 1913 Webster] |
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